Feeding Grazing Dairy Cows With Different Energy Sources on Recovery of Human-Edible Nutrients in Milk and Environmental Impact

The use of grazing systems for milk production is widely used globally because it a lower-cost feeding system. However, under tropical conditions, the energy content pastures became limitation to improve animal performance and efficiency while reducing environmental impact. objective our study was evaluate impact supplying different dietary sources lactating dairy cows on recovery human-edible (HE) nutrients in Two experiments were conducted simultaneously. In experiment 1, forty early randomized block design. 2, four late-lactating rumen-cannulated 4 × Latin Square All had free access pasture treatments applied individually as concentrate supplement. Treatments flint corn grain-processing method either fine ground (FGC) or steam-flaked (SFC) associated with Ca salts palm fatty acids supplementation not supplemented (CON) (CSPO). We observed that SFC markedly reduced urinary nitrogen excretion by 43%, improved 17% when compared FGC. Additionally, we also supplemental fat receiving CON diets. A tendency decreased methane (CH ) per unit (−31%), CH output (−29%), protein (−31%) CSPO fed CON. diets increased HE indispensable amino 7–9% FGC diets, whereas 17–19% Altogether, this understanding how manipulating cow diet conditions can benefit nutrient reduce excretion.